Bill S-2 aims to amend the Indian Act to introduce new registration entitlements in the Indian Register. This legislative initiative follows a legal challenge against certain provisions of the Indian Act, deemed inconsistent with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms in the case of Nicholas v. Canada (Attorney General).

Key provisions of the bill include granting new registration rights to individuals who were previously ineligible under existing criteria. These new provisions aim to address inequalities and ensure that registration rights align with Charter principles.

The Indian Act will be amended to incorporate these new registration rights. This also involves adjustments in the management of Band Lists, which will be maintained by the Department of Indigenous Services.

The individuals affected by these changes are those who, due to previous criteria, were not eligible for registration. They will now be able to assert their right to registration and inclusion on a Band List, which could have significant implications for their recognition and rights within Indigenous communities.